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The Czech agriculture ministry can list pipelines, ponds and hectares after nine years of drought spending, but in the worst groundwater summer in decades it cannot yet show what they changed.
Calculations by the DVGW research centre in Karlsruhe show that if small biogas plants reach the gas grid through a shared upgrading unit and injection point, investment falls by up to 55% and the biomethane injected rises by 16% compared with connecting plants one by one.
A Stanford model shows that if neighbouring wastewater plants plan their nutrient removal upgrades together, capital and operating costs can fall by almost half.
The UK regulator has approved additional funding for infrastructure improvements at 13 water companies, but only five of them can raise customer bills between 2027 and 2030.